不銹鋼瓦楞形板是不銹鋼寬幅(fu)型(xing)鋼的(de)一種，由于(yu)其形狀如同頂上(shang)用瓦片(pian)鋪成的(de)行列隆起部分，故稱(cheng)為香蕉視頻app破解碼:不銹鋼瓦楞形板，如圖(tu)5-37所示。

 人們過去常(chang)見的(de)(de)(de)“瓦楞(leng)(leng)（形(xing)(xing)）板(ban)(ban)”大(da)都(dou)(dou)是(shi)用普通(tong)低碳鋼，也就是(shi)非合金(jin)鋼材(cai)料(liao)(liao)制成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)（見圖(tu)5-38),還有用非金(jin)屬材(cai)料(liao)(liao)如石棉(mian)、塑(su)料(liao)(liao)、紙板(ban)(ban)等制成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)瓦楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)。這些瓦楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)主(zhu)要用于建(jian)筑領域的(de)(de)(de)屋頂材(cai)料(liao)(liao)、外(wai)(wai)墻材(cai)料(liao)(liao)和各種包(bao)裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)體的(de)(de)(de)外(wai)(wai)形(xing)(xing)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)和產品包(bao)裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)、盒等，之所以做成(cheng)瓦楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)狀，主(zhu)要目的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)增加結構剛度(du)和穩定性。因此，其尺(chi)寸(cun)精度(du)和表面質(zhi)量(liang)要求及材(cai)質(zhi)要求都(dou)(dou)不是(shi)很(hen)高。

 此處(chu)介紹(shao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)不銹(xiu)鋼瓦(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)與普(pu)(pu)(pu)通的(de)(de)(de)(de)“瓦(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)（形(xing)(xing)）板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)”有(you)著本質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)不同，首先材料是不銹(xiu)鋼，無(wu)疑要比普(pu)(pu)(pu)通的(de)(de)(de)(de)“瓦(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)（形(xing)(xing)）板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)”具有(you)更高的(de)(de)(de)(de)強度、良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)耐腐(fu)蝕性能(neng)(neng)和(he)(he)極好的(de)(de)(de)(de)裝飾效果(guo)，另外(wai)在(zai)(zai)結構上也大不相同。這些都賦予了不銹(xiu)鋼瓦(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)不僅具有(you)普(pu)(pu)(pu)通“瓦(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)功能(neng)(neng)與作用，而且具有(you)普(pu)(pu)(pu)通“瓦(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)（形(xing)(xing)）板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)”沒有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)(neng)，即不銹(xiu)鋼瓦(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)可以作為(wei)(wei)傳熱元件使用。作為(wei)(wei)傳熱元件，對(dui)其各(ge)方面的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求就(jiu)比普(pu)(pu)(pu)通“瓦(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)（形(xing)(xing)）板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)”高得多，特別是對(dui)瓦(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)表(biao)(biao)觀的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求。對(dui)瓦(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)表(biao)(biao)觀的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求主要體現(xian)在(zai)(zai)對(dui)外(wai)形(xing)(xing)尺寸和(he)(he)表(biao)(biao)面質(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求上。因(yin)此，采用何種(zhong)(zhong)方式、何種(zhong)(zhong)工藝加工生產(chan)不銹(xiu)鋼瓦(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)就(jiu)成為(wei)(wei)保證其外(wai)形(xing)(xing)尺寸和(he)(he)質(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵。其他性能(neng)(neng)（機械性能(neng)(neng)、耐腐(fu)蝕性能(neng)(neng)和(he)(he)焊(han)接性能(neng)(neng)）主要取決(jue)于所選用的(de)(de)(de)(de)材料。

1. 不銹鋼(gang)瓦楞形板外形尺寸(cun)

 從圖5-37和圖5-39可以(yi)看出(chu)不(bu)銹鋼瓦(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形板的外表(biao)形狀是有(you)規律、周期(qi)性(xing)變化的，而且(qie)彎(wan)曲深度較小(xiao)、形狀單一(yi)(yi)，不(bu)僅有(you)橫(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)，而且(qie)還有(you)縱向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)。所以(yi)說，其(qi)形狀既簡單又復(fu)雜，簡單是指(zhi)形狀單一(yi)(yi)，有(you)規律；復(fu)雜是指(zhi)不(bu)僅有(you)橫(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)，而且(qie)還有(you)縱向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)。這就給不(bu)銹鋼瓦(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形板的成(cheng)型(xing)帶(dai)來不(bu)小(xiao)的難度，在成(cheng)型(xing)工藝(yi)(yi)上必須采(cai)取相(xiang)應(ying)的工藝(yi)(yi)措施和手段，方能保(bao)證獲(huo)得要(yao)求的外形尺寸(cun)和成(cheng)型(xing)質量。

 圖5-39是(shi)(shi)不銹(xiu)鋼瓦(wa)楞(leng)形板(ban)的(de)實(shi)物照(zhao)片，從圖片可以(yi)看出，不銹(xiu)鋼瓦(wa)楞(leng)形板(ban)的(de)外表和形狀是(shi)(shi)非常美觀、漂(piao)亮的(de)，具有較高(gao)的(de)觀賞性(xing)，如同工藝品、裝飾品。

 圖5-39不銹鋼(gang)瓦楞形板A-A截面(mian)尺寸(cun)，見(jian)圖5-40,B-B截面(mian)尺寸(cun)，見(jian)圖5-41。

 不(bu)銹鋼瓦楞形(xing)板成品實物斷面圖(tu)片，見圖(tu)5-40(b)和圖(tu)5-41(b)。

 從圖(tu)5-40和圖(tu)5-41可以看出，不銹鋼(gang)瓦楞(leng)形板(ban)的斷面(mian)變化的規律是(shi)周期性的，斷面(mian)形狀是(shi)關于縱向中心線為對稱的型鋼(gang)，彎曲深(shen)度較淺(qian)，深(shen)度僅有(you)7mm。

 不銹鋼瓦楞(leng)形板外形尺寸(cun)精度(du)(du)：截面(mian)最大(da)邊長誤差≤0.3mm;圓(yuan)角最大(da)直(zhi)徑：≤2.0mm;縱向(xiang)、橫向(xiang)彎曲度(du)(du)：每米≤1mm; 扭轉(zhuan)：每米≤1°。

2. 瓦(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)板橫向(xiang)波紋的成型

 不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)瓦楞(leng)形(xing)板輥式冷彎(wan)成(cheng)型(xing)時(shi)，首先將不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)冷軋平板預彎(wan)曲(qu)鐓壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)弧(hu)(hu)形(xing)波(bo)紋，如圖5-42所示的(de)(de)(de)第一架成(cheng)型(xing)輥孔形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)狀。輥形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)狀為(wei)(wei)(wei)，向下彎(wan)曲(qu)的(de)(de)(de)弧(hu)(hu)形(xing)直徑為(wei)(wei)(wei)Φ=265mm,向上(shang)彎(wan)曲(qu)的(de)(de)(de)弧(hu)(hu)形(xing)直徑為(wei)(wei)(wei)Φ=164mm,帶鋼(gang)進入并通(tong)過如此(ci)輥型(xing)是毫不困難的(de)(de)(de)，一個波(bo)長(chang)（周期）為(wei)(wei)(wei)83.40mm,弧(hu)(hu)深(shen)度（垂直位移(yi)(yi)）為(wei)(wei)(wei)4.12mm,這個成(cheng)型(xing)形(xing)狀無論是在變形(xing)寬(kuan)度上(shang)，還(huan)是變形(xing)深(shen)度上(shang)都是可行的(de)(de)(de)和(he)符合(he)要求的(de)(de)(de)。一個波(bo)長(chang)（周期）橫向位移(yi)(yi)（減寬(kuan)量(liang)）為(wei)(wei)(wei)0.60mm,相對(dui)減寬(kuan)率（橫向位移(yi)(yi)）為(wei)(wei)(wei)0.71%,見圖5-42,如此(ci)的(de)(de)(de)位移(yi)(yi)（減寬(kuan)量(liang)）不會對(dui)鐓壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)型(xing)造(zao)成(cheng)困難和(he)產(chan)生成(cheng)型(xing)缺(que)陷，這些都為(wei)(wei)(wei)第二架成(cheng)型(xing)輥再鐓壓(ya)(ya)創(chuang)造(zao)了條件。

 第二(er)架成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)輥(gun)在第一(yi)(yi)架成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)輥(gun)的(de)鐓(dui)(dui)壓(ya)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)上(shang)，再(zai)次鐓(dui)(dui)壓(ya)，使(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)達到如(ru)圖(tu)5-42所(suo)示(shi)的(de)孔形(xing)(xing)(xing)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)，弧(hu)度(du)直徑分別(bie)為(wei)Φ=133mm和(he)(he)p=82mm,一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)波(bo)長（周期(qi)）為(wei)81.70mm、弧(hu)深度(du)為(wei)8.18mm,這就是說寬(kuan)度(du)和(he)(he)深度(du)更(geng)接近于(yu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)，而相(xiang)對減寬(kuan)量(liang)（水平(ping)位(wei)移）僅為(wei)1.42mm,相(xiang)對減寬(kuan)率（水平(ping)方(fang)向）為(wei)1.7%,要比第一(yi)(yi)道次大(da)了許多，這是符合開始小一(yi)(yi)些、中間(jian)大(da)一(yi)(yi)些的(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)規(gui)律要求的(de)，見第三(san)架成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)輥(gun)在第二(er)架成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)輥(gun)的(de)鐓(dui)(dui)壓(ya)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)上(shang)，再(zai)鐓(dui)(dui)壓(ya)，使(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)達到如(ru)圖(tu)5-42所(suo)示(shi)的(de)孔形(xing)(xing)(xing)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)，這時將(jiang)已經成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)的(de)弧(hu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)瓦楞形(xing)(xing)(xing)鐓(dui)(dui)壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)梯形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)瓦楞形(xing)(xing)(xing)，而一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)波(bo)長（周期(qi)）為(wei)80mm,相(xiang)對減寬(kuan)量(liang)（水平(ping)位(wei)移）僅為(wei)2.28mm,一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)波(bo)長（周期(qi)）相(xiang)對減寬(kuan)率（水平(ping)方(fang)向）為(wei)2.79%.通過鐓(dui)(dui)壓(ya)使(shi)(shi)弧(hu)深由8.18mm減小為(wei)7.00mm,這樣(yang)可使(shi)(shi)梯形(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)更(geng)加精確到位(wei)，為(wei)最后沖壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)達到成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)形(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)及尺寸奠(dian)定良(liang)好(hao)的(de)基(ji)礎(chu)(chu)，此(ci)時，橫向鐓(dui)(dui)壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)已全部完成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，隨(sui)后將(jiang)采用沖壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)輥(gun)在已成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)橫向波(bo)紋上(shang)完成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)最終(zhong)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)。

 圖5-42是(shi)各架次成型(xing)輥輥形(xing)尺寸圖。

 第三(san)架(jia)成(cheng)型輥(gun)(gun)輥(gun)(gun)形圖(tu)和孔形圖(tu)，見(jian)(jian)圖(tu)5-43.第三(san)架(jia)成(cheng)型輥(gun)(gun)應(ying)是由多片(pian)(pian)輥(gun)(gun)片(pian)(pian)疊(die)加(jia)組合(he)而(er)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組合(he)輥(gun)(gun)，輥(gun)(gun)片(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)平段(duan)和圓弧段(duan)采(cai)取(qu)與板材(cai)接(jie)觸(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方式，而(er)傾斜段(duan)則采(cai)取(qu)與板材(cai)不(bu)接(jie)觸(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方式，為(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是減少成(cheng)型表面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擦劃(hua)傷，此外，如此結構也將便于(yu)成(cheng)型輥(gun)(gun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工和隨后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)與維護等。上(shang)(shang)、下輥(gun)(gun)斜角(jiao)采(cai)取(qu)圓弧過渡，一般情(qing)況下，圓弧的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直徑應(ying)大(da)于(yu)板厚，所以(yi)圖(tu)5-43所示的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第三(san)架(jia)上(shang)(shang)、下輥(gun)(gun)斜角(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圓弧過渡直徑為(wei)2.0mm,見(jian)(jian)圖(tu)5-43局(ju)部放大(da)圖(tu)。

3. 縱向(xiang)波紋(wen)的成型(xing)

 縱(zong)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)是(shi)在(zai)橫(heng)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)之后的(de)(de)橫(heng)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋上成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)的(de)(de)。所以在(zai)已成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)的(de)(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋上再成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)縱(zong)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋是(shi)有難(nan)度的(de)(de)。其難(nan)度主(zhu)要(yao)表現為(wei)，可(ke)能破壞已成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)的(de)(de)橫(heng)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋，而(er)且縱(zong)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋也成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)不好。選用何種方式成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)就(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)縱(zong)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)的(de)(de)關鍵。

 沖(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)就是在(zai)(zai)一對成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)上，按(an)工(gong)藝和(he)產(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)，在(zai)(zai)要面(mian)上間隙分(fen)布(bu)著凸起和(he)凹陷(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)分(fen)，用于壓(ya)(ya)(ya)制成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)瓦(wa)(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)縱向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)，同時(shi)又不能(neng)損壞已(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橫(heng)(heng)向(xiang)梯(ti)形(xing)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)，縱向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)尺寸(cun)圖(tu)及實物圖(tu)片，見(jian)圖(tu)5-40和(he)圖(tu)5-41。之所以將沖(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)置于橫(heng)(heng)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)后、平(ping)整(zheng)輥(gun)(gun)前，是為了保證瓦(wa)(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)過(guo)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)定(ding)和(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)。可以想象(xiang)，在(zai)(zai)沒有(you)橫(heng)(heng)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)帶材(cai)上沖(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)凸起和(he)凹陷(xian)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)，由于自(zi)由度(du)大沒有(you)約束力，沖(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)會造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)坯料(liao)局部(bu)收(shou)縮(suo)(suo)，產(chan)生(sheng)皺折(zhe)及其(qi)他缺陷(xian)，影(ying)(ying)響成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)和(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸(cun)。另外，瓦(wa)(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鋼截面(mian)受(shou)材(cai)料(liao)內部(bu)殘余應力作(zuo)用，很(hen)容易產(chan)生(sheng)扭轉，這也會影(ying)(ying)響成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)過(guo)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)定(ding)性。但(dan)在(zai)(zai)瓦(wa)(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)橫(heng)(heng)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)后、平(ping)整(zheng)輥(gun)(gun)前，再用沖(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)(gun)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)其(qi)縱向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)，此時(shi)，已(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橫(heng)(heng)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)使瓦(wa)(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)剛度(du)增大，同時(shi)又受(shou)到(dao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)和(he)平(ping)整(zheng)輥(gun)(gun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)約束，其(qi)自(zi)由度(du)就減小。以上這些都可以有(you)效地防止局部(bu)收(shou)縮(suo)(suo)和(he)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鋼的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)扭轉，從而對保證瓦(wa)(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)及質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)起到(dao)有(you)效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保障(zhang)作(zuo)用。瓦(wa)(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)橫(heng)(heng)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)沖(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)輥(gun)(gun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)示(shi)意(yi)圖(tu)，見(jian)圖(tu)5-44。

 沖(chong)壓成(cheng)型輥(gun)(gun)也應(ying)做成(cheng)組合式輥(gun)(gun)子，即由多輥(gun)(gun)片疊加(jia)組合而成(cheng)。這(zhe)種形式的輥(gun)(gun)子便(bian)于(yu)加(jia)工(gong)和維(wei)護，調整使用方便(bian)。