隨著石油、天然氣、鍋爐、建筑等行業的不斷發展，在使用條件、節能降耗、產品性能等方面對不銹鋼管提出了越來越高的要求。在常規熱軋不銹鋼(gang)管生產過程中，管坯成型歷經高溫穿孔、軋制以及定徑等工藝。產品受到圓形中空斷面形狀及生產工藝制約，缺乏更為有效的組織和性能調控手段，導致其性能提升僅能依靠添加合金元素及后續離線熱處理工序，給高品質不銹鋼管材開發以及生產成本、制造效率和能源消耗控制等帶來諸多不利影響。

  控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)卻工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)（控(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)冷(leng)，TMCP）可綜(zong)合(he)利用(yong)細晶強化(hua)、析出(chu)強化(hua)和(he)相變強化(hua)等強化(hua)機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是有效在(zai)(zai)線(xian)調(diao)控(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)鋼材(cai)組織、顯著提升(sheng)材(cai)料性(xing)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要手段。經三十余年快速發(fa)展，控(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)冷(leng)技(ji)術(shu)已廣(guang)泛應(ying)用(yong)于熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)板(ban)帶(dai)鋼、型鋼、棒線(xian)材(cai)等領(ling)域。然而，熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)無縫鋼管有別于熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)板(ban)帶(dai)鋼等鋼材(cai)門類，不(bu)銹鋼管軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)變形和(he)成型后的(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)卻工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)與常規控(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)冷(leng)工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)示意(yi)圖(tu)如圖(tu)6-63所示。熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)無縫鋼管高溫(wen)穿軋(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)生產工(gong)藝(yi)(yi)條件使得(de)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)受到極大限制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，環形斷面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)形狀(zhuang)特(te)點使得(de)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)卻技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)開(kai)發(fa)難(nan)度很大，嚴重(zhong)(zhong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)約了基于控(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)冷(leng)的(de)(de)(de)在(zai)(zai)線(xian)組織性(xing)能(neng)(neng)調(diao)控(kong)(kong)技(ji)術(shu)在(zai)(zai)該領(ling)域的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)和(he)發(fa)展，熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)無縫鋼管產品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)強度、韌(ren)性(xing)和(he)焊接性(xing)等綜(zong)合(he)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)全(quan)面(mian)(mian)提升(sheng)面(mian)(mian)臨瓶頸(jing)。因此(ci)，實現熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)不(bu)銹鋼管的(de)(de)(de)成型和(he)成型過(guo)程的(de)(de)(de)在(zai)(zai)線(xian)組織性(xing)能(neng)(neng)調(diao)控(kong)(kong)，是熱(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)無縫鋼管領(ling)域長期以來的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)點攻關方向之一。

  針對(dui)熱軋(ya)(ya)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)在線組織性能調(diao)控(kong)(kong)工業化技術，其(qi)(qi)(qi)相關機(ji)理及核心(xin)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長期(qi)以(yi)來未取得(de)有效突破(po)。首(shou)先，在控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方面(mian)，由于(yu)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)在熱加(jia)工過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)需要(yao)經(jing)歷復雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)成型工序(xu)(xu)，為(wei)降低變形(xing)抗(kang)力以(yi)保證軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工序(xu)(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)順進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)坯的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)熱溫度往(wang)往(wang)較(jiao)高，同時(shi)(shi)要(yao)在盡(jin)可能高的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度下連續(xu)完成穿孔(kong)及軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過程(cheng)(cheng)，為(wei)此難以(yi)實現(xian)通(tong)過低溫軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工藝對(dui)奧氏體(ti)組織狀(zhuang)態進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)調(diao)控(kong)(kong)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)次，在控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)方面(mian)，盡(jin)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)形(xing)狀(zhuang)簡單，但特殊(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)斷面(mian)特征使得(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)均勻(yun)化冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)顯著區別(bie)于(yu)板(ban)帶鋼(gang)及其(qi)(qi)(qi)他類型鋼(gang)材(cai)。例如(ru)，沿(yan)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)圓周(zhou)方向均勻(yun)對(dui)稱(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)水布置(zhi)并不能使鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)達到均勻(yun)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)效果，這其(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)必然存在異于(yu)傳(chuan)統理念的(de)(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)斷面(mian)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)均勻(yun)化冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。由于(yu)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)均勻(yun)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)機(ji)理及其(qi)(qi)(qi)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方法的(de)(de)(de)(de)研究進(jin)(jin)展有限，導致控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)組織性能均勻(yun)性以(yi)及冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)不均造成的(de)(de)(de)(de)彎(wan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)事故無(wu)法有效解決，在較(jiao)長時(shi)(shi)間制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)約(yue)了(le)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)技術在熱軋(ya)(ya)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)領域的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展和應用。