美國機械工程(cheng)師(shi)學(xue)會(American Society of Mechanical Engineers,ASME)成立于(yu)1880年,在世界(jie)各地建(jian)有分部(bu),是一個有很大權威和影(ying)響的國際性學(xue)術組織。ASME主要從事發展(zhan)機(ji)(ji)械工(gong)程(cheng)及(ji)(ji)其有(you)關領域的(de)(de)科學(xue)(xue)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu),鼓勵基礎研究(jiu),促(cu)進(jin)學(xue)(xue)術(shu)(shu)(shu)交流,發(fa)展與其他工(gong)程(cheng)學(xue)(xue)、協會的(de)(de)合作,開展標(biao)準化(hua)活(huo)動(dong),制(zhi)(zhi)定機(ji)(ji)械規范(fan)和標(biao)準。它擁有(you)125000個(ge)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)員,管理(li)著全世界(jie)最大的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)出(chu)版機(ji)(ji)構(gou),主持每(mei)年30個(ge)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)會議(yi),200個(ge)專業發(fa)展課程(cheng),并制(zhi)(zhi)定了(le)(le)(le)許多工(gong)業和制(zhi)(zhi)造標(biao)準。自成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)立以(yi)來,ASME領導了(le)(le)(le)機(ji)(ji)械標(biao)準的(de)(de)發(fa)展,從最初的(de)(de)螺紋標(biao)準開始到現在(zai)已發(fa)展了(le)(le)(le)超過(guo)600多個(ge)標(biao)準。1911年成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)立了(le)(le)(le)鍋爐(lu)機(ji)(ji)械指(zhi)(zhi)令委(wei)員會,在(zai)1914~1915年頒布了(le)(le)(le)機(ji)(ji)械指(zhi)(zhi)令,以(yi)后該指(zhi)(zhi)令又與各個(ge)州及(ji)(ji)加(jia)拿大的(de)(de)法律相結合。ASME已成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為在(zai)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)、教育(yu)及(ji)(ji)調(diao)查領域內世界(jie)性的(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)學(xue)(xue)機(ji)(ji)構(gou)。此外,ASME還是ANSI5個(ge)發(fa)起單(dan)位之一。ANSI的(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)械類標(biao)準,主要由(you)它協助提出(chu),并代表美國家(jia)標(biao)準委(wei)員會技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)顧問小組,參(can)加(jia)ISO的(de)(de)活(huo)動(dong)。其管道標(biao)準有(you):
ASME B31.1 Power Piping 動力管道
ASME B31.3 Process Piping 工藝管道
ASME B31.4 Liquid Transportation Systems for Hydrocarbons,Liquid Petroleum Gas, Anhy-drous Ammonia, and Alcohols 液態烴和其(qi)他液體管線輸送系統
ASME B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems輸氣和配氣管道(dao)系統(tong)
ASME B16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings 鑄鐵(tie)法蘭和管法蘭
ASME B16.3 Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings 可(ke)鍛鑄(zhu)鐵螺紋管件
ASME B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings 管法(fa)蘭和(he)法(fa)蘭管件
ASME B16.9 Factory-Made Wrought Steel Buttwelding Fittings 工廠制(zhi)造的鍛鋼對(dui)焊(han)管件(jian)
ASME B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded 承(cheng)插焊式(shi)和(he)螺(luo)紋式(shi)鍛(duan)造管件
ASME B16.12 Cast Iron Threaded Drainage Fittings 鑄鐵螺紋排水管件
ASME B16.21 Nonmetallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges 管法蘭用非金屬平墊片(pian)
ASME B16.22 Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings 鍛壓銅和(he)銅合(he)金釬(han)焊連接壓力管配件
ASME B16.28 Wrought Steel Buttwelding Short Radius Elbows and Returns 鍛軋(ya)鋼制對接焊小彎頭半(ban)徑彎頭和180°彎頭
ASME B16.34 Valves-Flanged,Threaded,and Welding End法蘭、螺紋和焊(han)接端連接的閥門
ASME B16.39 Malleable Iron Threaded Pipe Unions 可鍛(duan)鐵螺紋管活接頭
ASME B16.42 Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings 球墨鑄(zhu)鐵管法(fa)蘭(lan)和法(fa)蘭(lan)連接(jie)管配件
ASME B16.47 Large Diameter Flanges 大直(zhi)徑管鋼制法蘭(NPS 26~NPS 60)
ASME B16.48 Line Blanks 鋼(gang)制管線(xian)盲板
ASME B36.10M Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe 焊接和無(wu)縫鍛(duan)鋼(gang)管(NPS 1/8NPS80)
ASME B36.19M Stainless Steel Pipe 不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼鋼管(NPS 1/8~NPS30)