在一些檢修部門，習慣用手工來研磨香蕉視頻app破解碼:閥門密封面。手工研磨只使用簡單的研磨工具而不需復雜的研磨設備，但這是一種費力的工作，生產效率很低，研磨質量主要依靠工人的技術水平來保證，因此研磨質量往往不夠穩定。

  手(shou)工(gong)(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)分為(wei)(wei)(wei)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、精(jing)(jing)(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)和拋(pao)光(guang)等(deng)。粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)了消除密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擦傷、壓痕、蝕點等(deng)缺(que)陷，提(ti)高密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)平(ping)整(zheng)(zheng)度(du)(du)和降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)度(du)(du)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)精(jing)(jing)(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)打下(xia)基(ji)礎。精(jing)(jing)(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)了消除密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)紋(wen)路，進一(yi)步提(ti)高密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)整(zheng)(zheng)度(du)(du)和降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)度(du)(du)。拋(pao)光(guang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要是(shi)(shi)(shi)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)度(du)(du)，一(yi)般(ban)用(yong)(yong)于粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)度(du)(du)Ra在(zai)0.2μm以(yi)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)。手(shou)工(gong)(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)管粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)精(jing)(jing)(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)，整(zheng)(zheng)個過(guo)程始(shi)(shi)終貫穿提(ti)起、放下(xia)、旋轉、往復、輕敲、換向等(deng)操(cao)作(zuo)相結合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)程。其目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)避免磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒軌跡重復，使(shi)(shi)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)得(de)到(dao)(dao)均(jun)勻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削，提(ti)高密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)整(zheng)(zheng)度(du)(du)，降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)低(di)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)度(du)(du)。在(zai)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)程中(zhong)，要始(shi)(shi)終貫穿著檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)過(guo)程，其目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)隨時(shi)掌握(wo)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)情況，做(zuo)到(dao)(dao)心中(zhong)有(you)數，使(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)質量達到(dao)(dao)技術要求。在(zai)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)程中(zhong)，清潔工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)很重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環節，應(ying)做(zuo)到(dao)(dao)“三不(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)地”，即被研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)件不(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)地、工(gong)(gong)具(ju)不(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)地、物(wu)料不(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)地；“三不(bu)(bu)(bu)見天(tian)”，即顯(xian)示(shi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)用(yong)(yong)后(hou)(hou)上蓋、研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)用(yong)(yong)后(hou)(hou)上蓋、稀釋(shi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)（液(ye)）用(yong)(yong)后(hou)(hou)上蓋；“三干凈(jing)”，即研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)用(yong)(yong)前要抹洗干凈(jing)、密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)要清洗干凈(jing)、更換研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)和密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)要抹洗干凈(jing)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)中(zhong)應(ying)注意(yi)檢(jian)(jian)查研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)不(bu)(bu)(bu)與密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)外(wai)任何疤點臺肩相摩擦，使(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)運動平(ping)穩，保證研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)質量。經(jing)過(guo)滲(shen)(shen)氨、滲(shen)(shen)硼等(deng)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)處(chu)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)時(shi)要小心謹(jin)慎，因(yin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)滲(shen)(shen)透層的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硬度(du)(du)隨著研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)量增大而(er)明顯(xian)下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)時(shi)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削量應(ying)盡(jin)量小，最好進行(xing)拋(pao)光(guang)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)，至少要精(jing)(jing)(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)后(hou)(hou)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)，如達不(bu)(bu)(bu)到(dao)(dao)要求，就將殘存(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滲(shen)(shen)透層磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)掉，重新滲(shen)(shen)透處(chu)理(li)(li)，恢復原(yuan)有(you)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性能。用(yong)(yong)于深冷(leng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)閥門密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)要經(jing)過(guo)深冷(leng)定型(xing)處(chu)理(li)(li)后(hou)(hou)再(zai)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)，否則(ze)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)一(yi)經(jing)深冷(leng)就會(hui)變形。深冷(leng)處(chu)理(li)(li)可在(zai)液(ye)氨中(zhong)進行(xing)。刀型(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)一(yi)般(ban)寬(kuan)度(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)0.5~0.8mm,接近(jin)線(xian)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)后(hou)(hou)，密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)會(hui)變寬(kuan)，應(ying)注意(yi)恢復刀型(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)原(yuan)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸(cun)，可用(yong)(yong)車削或研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)刀型(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)兩斜面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法恢復寬(kuan)度(du)(du)尺寸(cun)。

  研具(ju)使用后(hou)應進行一次檢查(cha)，對平整度不高的(de)平面要(yao)修理好，并(bing)應清洗干凈，保持完整。要(yao)分門(men)別類(lei)地把研磨工具(ju)擺(bai)放在工具(ju)箱內，以(yi)便以(yi)后(hou)使用。

  研(yan)磨(mo)分平面(mian)(mian)密封(feng)面(mian)(mian)研(yan)磨(mo)、錐形密封(feng)面(mian)(mian)研(yan)磨(mo)、圓(yuan)(yuan)弧(hu)密封(feng)面(mian)(mian)研(yan)磨(mo)、圓(yuan)(yuan)柱體密封(feng)面(mian)(mian)研(yan)磨(mo)等(deng)幾(ji)種。

①. 閥體平(ping)面(mian)密封面(mian)的研磨 

  閥(fa)體(ti)密(mi)封(feng)平面位于閥(fa)體(ti)內(nei)腔，研(yan)磨(mo)比(bi)較困難(nan)。通常使(shi)用帶(dai)方孔的(de)(de)(de)圓(yuan)盤(pan)狀(zhuang)研(yan)磨(mo)工(gong)具，放在(zai)內(nei)腔的(de)(de)(de)密(mi)封(feng)面上，再用帶(dai)方頭的(de)(de)(de)長柄手把(ba)來帶(dai)動研(yan)盤(pan)運動。研(yan)盤(pan)上有(you)圓(yuan)柱凸臺(tai)或引導墊片，以防止在(zai)研(yan)磨(mo)過程中研(yan)具局部離開環狀(zhuang)密(mi)封(feng)面而造成研(yan)磨(mo)不勻(yun)的(de)(de)(de)現象。圖4-71為閘閥(fa)密(mi)封(feng)面的(de)(de)(de)手工(gong)研(yan)磨(mo)。

  研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)前(qian)應將(jiang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)工(gong)作面(mian)(mian)(mian)用丙酮或汽(qi)油(you)擦凈，并(bing)去除閥(fa)(fa)體密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)飛(fei)邊、毛(mao)刺，再在密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上涂敷一層研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)劑。研(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)放入閥(fa)(fa)體內腔時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，要仔(zi)細地(di)貼合在密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)采(cai)用長(chang)柄手把使(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)盤(pan)做(zuo)正、反方向的(de)(de)(de)(de)回(hui)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)運動。先順時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)針(zhen)(zhen)回(hui)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)180°,再逆時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)針(zhen)(zhen)回(hui)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)90°,如此反復地(di)進行。一般(ban)回(hui)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)10余(yu)次(ci)后(hou)(hou)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)劑中的(de)(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)粒(li)便已磨(mo)鈍，故應該經(jing)常抬(tai)起研(yan)(yan)(yan)盤(pan)來添(tian)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)劑。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)力要均(jun)勻(yun)(yun)，且不(bu)宜過(guo)大。粗研(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)壓(ya)力可(ke)大些，精研(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)應較小。應注意不(bu)要因施加壓(ya)力使(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)局部脫開密(mi)(mi)封(feng)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)一段時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)間后(hou)(hou)，要檢查工(gong)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)度(du)。此時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)取出(chu)(chu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)，用丙酮或汽(qi)油(you)將(jiang)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)擦凈，再將(jiang)圓盤(pan)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)檢驗(yan)平(ping)板(ban)輕輕放在密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上并(bing)用手輕輕旋動，取出(chu)(chu)平(ping)板(ban)后(hou)(hou)就(jiu)可(ke)觀察到密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上出(chu)(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)(de)接觸(chu)痕(hen)跡(ji)。當(dang)環狀密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上均(jun)勻(yun)(yun)地(di)顯示(shi)接觸(chu)痕(hen)跡(ji)，而徑(jing)向最小接觸(chu)寬度(du)與密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)寬度(du)之比（即密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)與檢驗(yan)平(ping)板(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)吻合度(du)）達到工(gong)藝上規(gui)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)數值時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)度(du)就(jiu)可(ke)認為(wei)合格。為(wei)了保證(zheng)檢驗(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)準確(que)性，檢驗(yan)平(ping)板(ban)應經(jing)常檢查、修整(zheng)。

②. 閘板(ban)、閥瓣平面密(mi)封面的(de)研磨(mo) 

  閘板(ban)(ban)(ban)、閥瓣和(he)閥座的密封平(ping)(ping)面(mian)可使(shi)用(yong)研(yan)磨(mo)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)來(lai)手工研(yan)磨(mo)。研(yan)磨(mo)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)面(mian)應平(ping)(ping)整。研(yan)磨(mo)用(yong)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)分刻(ke)槽平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)和(he)光滑(hua)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)兩種，如圖4-72所示。研(yan)磨(mo)工作(zuo)前，先用(yong)丙酮或汽(qi)油將(jiang)研(yan)磨(mo)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的表(biao)面(mian)擦干凈，然(ran)后(hou)在平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)上均勻、適量地涂一層研(yan)磨(mo)劑，把需(xu)研(yan)磨(mo)的工件(jian)表(biao)面(mian)貼合在平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)上即(ji)開始研(yan)磨(mo)。用(yong)手一邊(bian)(bian)旋轉一邊(bian)(bian)做(zuo)(zuo)直線運動(dong)，或做(zuo)(zuo)“8”字形(xing)運動(dong)。由于研(yan)磨(mo)運動(dong)方向(xiang)的不斷變更，使(shi)磨(mo)粒不斷地在新(xin)的方向(xiang)起磨(mo)削作(zuo)用(yong)，故可提(ti)高研(yan)磨(mo)效率。圖4-73所示為閥體平(ping)(ping)面(mian)密封面(mian)的手工研(yan)磨(mo)。

  為了(le)避免研磨(mo)平(ping)板的(de)磨(mo)耗不均，不要總是(shi)在(zai)平(ping)板的(de)中部(bu)研磨(mo)，應沿平(ping)板的(de)全部(bu)表(biao)面(mian)上(shang)不斷變換部(bu)位(wei)，否(fou)則(ze)研磨(mo)平(ping)板將很快失去平(ping)面(mian)精度。

  閘板(ban)及有些閥座呈楔狀，密封(feng)平面(mian)圓(yuan)周上的質量不(bu)均(jun)，厚薄(bo)不(bu)一(yi)致，容(rong)易產生偏磨現象，厚的一(yi)頭容(rong)易多磨，薄(bo)的一(yi)頭會少磨。所(suo)以，在研(yan)磨楔式閘板(ban)密封(feng)面(mian)時，應(ying)附加一(yi)個(ge)平衡力，使楔式閘板(ban)密封(feng)面(mian)均(jun)勻磨削。圖4-74所(suo)示(shi)為(wei)楔式閘板(ban)密封(feng)面(mian)的整體(ti)研(yan)磨方法。