2004年以后歐盟(meng)統(tong)一頒布的EN10216-5《壓力(li)應(ying)用無(wu)縫不銹鋼管》、EN10297-7《機械結構用無縫不銹鋼管》、EN10217-7《壓力應用焊接不銹鋼管》及EN10296-2《機械結構用焊接不銹鋼管》4個不銹鋼管標準中，外觀質量一節有幾乎完全相同的條款：
一、鋼管內外表面不得存在(zai)可目測到的(de)缺陷。
二(er)、鋼管內外表(biao)面(mian)必須(xu)采(cai)用(yong)規定的(de)制(zhi)造方法精整(zheng)(zheng)，包(bao)括經過(guo)適當的(de)熱處理。通常這種精整(zheng)(zheng)所有(you)表(biao)面(mian)瑕(xia)疵均已作了一致性的(de)表(biao)面(mian)修整(zheng)(zheng)。
三、只能采用磨或刮削方法進行表(biao)面瑕(xia)疵修(xiu)整(zheng)(zheng)，修(xiu)整(zheng)(zheng)后(hou)修(xiu)整(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)(bu)位壁厚不得小(xiao)(xiao)于最小(xiao)(xiao)規(gui)定值，所有修(xiu)整(zheng)(zheng)部(bu)(bu)位應光順地過渡到鋼管的(de)輪廓。
四、侵害到(dao)所規定(ding)最小(xiao)壁厚的表(biao)面瑕疵必須判為缺陷，包(bao)含此類缺陷的鋼管(guan)必須判定(ding)為不符合(he)標準。
五、僅在購(gou)方同(tong)意(yi)時才能允許(xu)對焊(han)縫(feng)進(jin)(jin)行修(xiu)補(bu)，修(xiu)補(bu)應在熱(re)處理前進(jin)(jin)行并經(jing)NDT。修(xiu)補(bu)焊(han)縫(feng)可添加或不添加填充焊(han)絲(si)，但(dan)添加焊(han)絲(si)僅適用于OD≥168.3mm的(de)(de)焊(han)管(guan)。修(xiu)補(bu)長度不得(de)超過焊(han)縫(feng)總長度的(de)(de)20%，并必須按所(suo)編(bian)制的(de)(de)焊(han)接工藝評(ping)定(ding)規范進(jin)(jin)行操作(zuo)。此條款僅為(wei)焊(han)管(guan)標準所(suo)列。值得(de)指出的(de)(de)是，筆者注意(yi)到：
①上(shang)述(shu)第（4）或(huo)第（5）條(tiao)幾乎是歐盟所有其(qi)他鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)標準(zhun)，其(qi)中包括EN10216-1《室溫(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)非(fei)(fei)(fei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10216-2《高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)非(fei)(fei)(fei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)及合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10216-3《壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)細(xi)晶粒無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10216-4《低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)非(fei)(fei)(fei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)及合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)》，EN10217-1《室溫(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)非(fei)(fei)(fei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10217-2《高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)非(fei)(fei)(fei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)及合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10217-3《壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)細(xi)晶粒合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10217-4《低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)非(fei)(fei)(fei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)電阻焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10217-5《高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)SAW非(fei)(fei)(fei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)及合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10217-6《低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)SAW非(fei)(fei)(fei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)》，EN10296-1《機(ji)械(xie)結構(gou)(gou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)非(fei)(fei)(fei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)及合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)》，EN10297-1《機(ji)械(xie)結構(gou)(gou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)非(fei)(fei)(fei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)及合(he)(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)》，EN10305-1《精(jing)密應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)冷拔(ba)(ba)(ba)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10305-2《精(jing)密應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)冷拔(ba)(ba)(ba)焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10305-3《精(jing)密應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)冷定徑焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10305-4《氣和液壓(ya)系統用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)冷拔(ba)(ba)(ba)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10305-5《冷精(jing)整方(fang)或(huo)矩形焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10305-6《氣和液壓(ya)系統用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)冷拔(ba)(ba)(ba)焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)》所有壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、結構(gou)(gou)或(huo)機(ji)械(xie)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、精(jing)密應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)或(huo)焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)標準(zhun)所共有的。
②唯一(yi)的(de)區別是(shi)幾乎所(suo)(suo)有所(suo)(suo)列的(de)非合金鋼(gang)管(guan)或非不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)的(de)其(qi)他合金鋼(gang)管(guan)標準中(zhong)（除EN10305-1～6、EN10216-1、和EN10217-1外）大都還附(fu)加“有深(shen)度(du)大于5%t或3mm（兩者較小值）的(de)不(bu)連續性(xing)(xing)必(bi)須作修(xiu)整(zheng)，但深(shen)度(du)≤0.3mm的(de)瑕疵(ci)則不(bu)必(bi)作修(xiu)整(zheng)”的(de)文字，而在(zai)(zai)所(suo)(suo)有不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)管(guan)（及精密應用鋼(gang)管(guan)）標準中(zhong)，是(shi)沒(mei)有這些文字的(de)。顯(xian)然這是(shi)從保障不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)的(de)耐(nai)局部腐(fu)蝕性(xing)(xing)出發制定的(de)十分必(bi)要(yao)的(de)合理要(yao)求。除不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)管(guan)以(yi)外，其(qi)他所(suo)(suo)有非合金鋼(gang)管(guan)均不(bu)具備(bei)抗腐(fu)蝕和局部腐(fu)蝕性(xing)(xing)，因(yin)而也就(jiu)可允(yun)許表面存在(zai)(zai)0.3mm甚至更深(shen)的(de)不(bu)連續性(xing)(xing)存在(zai)(zai)，可見(jian)這是(shi)一(yi)條十分重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)原則區別。
③EN10312：2003，即薄(bo)壁（t=0.6～3mm）水輸送用標(biao)準(zhun)的外觀質量一節中只(zhi)包(bao)含上述(shu)第（1）、第（4）和第（5）條款，另有“焊(han)接條件應嚴加控制以使焊(han)縫熱色差最小而保證耐(nai)蝕性不致降低(di)”的敘述(shu)。說明該標(biao)準(zhun)所指薄壁(bi)不銹(xiu)鋼焊(han)管只(zhi)要(yao)嚴格控制焊(han)接參(can)數就可(ke)以保證耐(nai)蝕性所要(yao)求的表面質量基本(ben)要(yao)求而無需(xu)另作精整。
④焊接(jie)不銹鋼管(guan)只(zhi)要經過冷(leng)拔(ba)或冷(leng)定(ding)徑(jing)/精整都可以(yi)達到精密應用要求，其(qi)中包括方形(xing)及矩形(xing)焊管(guan)。
