懸(xuan)(xuan)臂(bei)(bei)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)常用于管(guan)道的(de)(de)承重(zhong)或導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)。此類支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)是應(ying)用比較多的(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)形(xing)式(shi)，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類也(ye)比較多。按生(sheng)根條件分(fen)(fen)，可分(fen)(fen)為(wei)生(sheng)根在鋼結構梁柱上的(de)(de)懸(xuan)(xuan)臂(bei)(bei)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)和(he)生(sheng)根在設(she)備上的(de)(de)懸(xuan)(xuan)臂(bei)(bei)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；按有無斜(xie)撐來(lai)分(fen)(fen)則分(fen)(fen)為(wei)懸(xuan)(xuan)臂(bei)(bei)式(shi)和(he)三(san)角式(shi)兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；按支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)承的(de)(de)作用來(lai)分(fen)(fen)則分(fen)(fen)為(wei)承重(zhong)型(xing)和(he)導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)型(xing)兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；按懸(xuan)(xuan)臂(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)數量(liang)來(lai)分(fen)(fen)則分(fen)(fen)為(wei)單肢(zhi)(zhi)型(xing)和(he)雙肢(zhi)(zhi)型(xing)兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
1. 在鋼結構梁柱上生根的懸(xuan)臂(bei)支架(jia) 此類(lei)支架(jia)常見類(lei)型如圖9-33所示。
圖(tu)9-33中(zhong)共給出了A、B、C三(san)種(zhong)形式。A型(xing)(xing)常用(yong)于(yu)支(zhi)承(cheng)荷(he)載(zai)(zai)較(jiao)小(xiao)的(de)情況，其(qi)長度(du)L最大(da)一般不宜超(chao)過600mm。B型(xing)(xing)、C型(xing)(xing)常用(yong)于(yu)支(zhi)承(cheng)荷(he)載(zai)(zai)較(jiao)大(da)的(de)情況，其(qi)長度(du)L最大(da)一般不宜超(chao)過1200mm。支(zhi)架承(cheng)受(shou)的(de)荷(he)載(zai)(zai)大(da)小(xiao)視所選(xuan)用(yong)型(xing)(xing)鋼的(de)規格和荷(he)載(zai)(zai)作用(yong)點到梁柱(zhu)的(de)距(ju)離而定。
這類(lei)支架一般均(jun)用(yong)(yong)角鋼、槽鋼等做受力(li)部件(jian)。它可(ke)與滑(hua)動管(guan)(guan)托(tuo)、導向管(guan)(guan)托(tuo)等配合(he)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，分別(bie)用(yong)(yong)于水平保溫管(guan)(guan)道(dao)的(de)承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)和(he)導向，也可(ke)與固(gu)定(ding)管(guan)(guan)托(tuo)、導向管(guan)(guan)托(tuo)、管(guan)(guan)卡等配合(he)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，分別(bie)用(yong)(yong)于垂直保溫管(guan)(guan)道(dao)的(de)承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)和(he)導向及光管(guan)(guan)的(de)承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)（僅限于DN≤40mm的(de)情況(kuang)）和(he)導向。
2. 在設備(bei)上生根的(de)懸臂(bei)支(zhi)架 此類支(zhi)架常(chang)用于沿立式設備(bei)（如塔、罐等）上敷設的(de)豎直(zhi)管道的(de)承重(zhong)和導(dao)向。常(chang)見的(de)形式如圖9-34所示。
圖(tu)9-34中共(gong)給(gei)出了(le)A、B、C、D四種(zhong)形式(shi)，它(ta)們的適(shi)用場合分述如下。
A型(xing)(xing)一般(ban)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)DN≤150mm的(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)。它通過與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)卡(ka)、固定管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)、滑(hua)動管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)配(pei)合(he)，分別用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)光(guang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)（帶支(zhi)耳(er)時(shi)）、光(guang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)導向、保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)的(de)(de)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)和導向。當(dang)(dang)(dang)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)時(shi)，與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)卡(ka)或管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)配(pei)合(he)的(de)(de)螺栓孔應為(wei)橫向橢圓形，以適(shi)應管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)有少量的(de)(de)橫向位(wei)移(yi)。B型(xing)(xing)一般(ban)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)DN200mm～350mm的(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)，使用(yong)(yong)方法同A型(xing)(xing)。C型(xing)(xing)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)DN=400~600mm的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)。當(dang)(dang)(dang)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)時(shi)，雙肢間的(de)(de)距離應加(jia)大一些，以適(shi)應隔熱厚度(du)(du)的(de)(de)要求。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)不(bu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)時(shi)，雙肢間的(de)(de)距離應盡可(ke)能小。D型(xing)(xing)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)DN＝400mm~600mm 的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)導向。 當(dang)(dang)(dang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)有保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)時(shi)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)四周(zhou)應有滑(hua)動管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)，且管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)高度(du)(du)應大于(yu)(yu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)厚度(du)(du)。當(dang)(dang)(dang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)不(bu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)時(shi)，應將管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)去掉并(bing)代之以厚度(du)(du)為(wei)4mm的(de)(de)鋼(gang)板(ban)，以防止管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)發生位(wei)移(yi)時(shi)，支(zhi)架劃(hua)傷管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)(zi)。無論保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)與(yu)否，都應控(kong)制支(zhi)架內壁與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)或鋼(gang)板(ban)之間有不(bu)大于(yu)(yu)3mm的(de)(de)間隙。
上(shang)述形(xing)(xing)式均適(shi)用于設(she)備不允(yun)許現場焊(han)接的(de)情況。當(dang)設(she)備允(yun)許現場焊(han)接時(shi)，可將生根部件換成(cheng)貼合鋼墊板，而中間支承件直接焊(han)在貼合鋼墊板上(shang)即(ji)可，這樣處理的(de)結果(guo)可以簡化支架形(xing)(xing)式，也便于減少(shao)支承誤(wu)差，同時(shi)增加了支架的(de)可靠性。
